Forests in the Netherlands and Their Many Functions since the 1900s
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.11697Abstract
In European forestry, ‘sustainability’ as a key concept is centuries old. State-managed production forests and wooded landscapes for nature conservation have co-existed for a similar timespan. Incrementally, the functions of forests in the densely-populated Netherlands have shifted from timber production and economic rationales to natural beauty, biodiversity and recreation. ‘Monofunctional forests’ were gradually replaced in the 1960s by ‘multiple use’ of forests, according to which many functions may co-exist and be brought into balance in one forest area. The emergence of this idea was a significant step towards the formulation of a holistic concept of ‘sustainability’.
In de Europese bosbouw is ‘duurzaamheid’ al sinds eeuwen een sleutelbegrip. Door de staat beheerde productiebossen en beboste landschappen voor natuurbehoud hebben een vergelijkbare tijdspanne naast elkaar bestaan. Geleidelijk aan zijn de functies van bossen in het dichtbevolkte Nederland verschoven van houtproductie en economische rationaliteit naar natuurschoon, biodiversiteit en recreatie. De stap van ‘monofunctionele bossen’ naar ‘multiple use’ in de jaren zestig van de twintigste eeuw, waarbij binnen hetzelfde bosterrein meerdere functies naast elkaar kunnen bestaan en met elkaar in evenwicht moeten worden gebracht, is een relevante vernieuwing op weg naar een alomvattende invulling van ‘duurzaamheid’ als nieuw interpretatiekader.
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